Damge 9 times out of ten has not been done. Pain is your bodys way of telling you that something is wrong. The exception to the rule is if a nerve has been damaged or that area has lost circulation and has gone numb.
I have four gi's one kamikaze Europa, One Hirota, one Adidas master gi, and one kamikaze Dynamic. for sparring gear I use Adidas mitts one red pair and one blue pair both WKF approved.
Kata is an imaginary fight. If you performe it with the right mind set it can mentally prepare you for a confrontation. But you have to be able to put yourself in that hostile situation when performing Kata.
My favorite Kata to do in tournaments is Sochin or Gankaku. But since Im a Kumite player I hardly compete in Kata unless it some * tournament. My favorite kata to watch is Meikyo since you hardly see it done. And my favorite Kata to practice is Kanku-Sho.
The USA-NKF Holds a tournament every year in las vegas with some nice cash prizes for advanced divisions here is the info http://www.usankf.org/tournaments/USAOpen/
Adidas master gi or Kamikaze Dynamic gi, WKF approved mits red pair and a blue pair, Shock doctor mouth guards, Adidas wkf shin guards (optional). And of course a cup.
Step one: kneel on flower back straight chest out close your eyes and breath in till you cant fill your lungs anymore with air. Step two: Exhale all of air. Step three: Repeat step one. Step four: Do this until you loose all circulation in your legs and you cant feel them any more. Step five: Repeat step two. Step six: Now hold your breath. Do this until you pass out. Only then can you meditate without distractions. Seriously just Kneel down, or cross your legs concentrate on breathing and think about what you want to acomplish.
9th Kyu white 8th Kyu Yellow 7th Kyu orange 6th Kyu Green 5th Kyu Blue 4th Kyu Purple 3rd Kyu Brown 2nd Kyu Brown 1st Kyu Brown Shodan,Nidan,Sandan,Yondan,etc. Black
Patches are just another way for your school to make money. IMO they have no place on a gi at all. the onley exception is maybe a small orginazation patch or a patch that denotes your country.