Hey all, Long time lurker, first time poster.     I had to comment on this discussion.  To put my comments into perspective my background before starting my Karate training (in which I still consider myself very much a neophyte) was in grappling.  Specifically, 5 years of high school wrestling, 9 years of Judo, and 2 years of Brazilian Jiujitsu. I just wanted to post that anybody who has a theory on how to spar or fight a grappler, and who hasn't actually tried out that theory in resistant training or sparring with a skilled grappler, is at serious risk of deluding themselves. The only way someone could beat a skilled grappler with head stomps and/or downward kicks and knees is if they incapacitated that grappler first with a strike that seriously disoriented them, or if the grappler was somehow incapacitated by the throw itself.  Considering how much grapplers train to take falls, however, I wouldn't count on that second option.  Perhaps the grappler might have an unlucky slip and the striker times a well delivered blow.  That would be a very rare occurrence.   Honestly, The thought that someone is going to sweep me onto the ground and I will be helpless to their downward strikes is a stretch.  If I go to the ground disoriented by strikes of course that might be another story. I can say that I am 110% comfortable on the ground, whether my opponent is standing or is on the ground grappling with me.  The fact that you are standing and I am on the ground is not something that intimidates me.... I still feel quite comfortable in my ability to defend myself, take my opponent down, or stand back up.   I don't want to start a "striking versus grappling" debate or anything like that, I love Karate and the training I am getting at my dojo.  Grappling is a lot like swimming though:  you can't theorize about it, you have to get wet to understand it. From the perspective of developing self defence skills I highly recommend people participate in full contact sparring with a skilled grappler and test out their theories.  It can be a very eye opening experience.  Best wishes in your training. Cheers, James