I think a certain amount of leniency should be allotted to small children. I teach a Kid Tiger class for 4-7 year olds. They have their own rank system and they test about every 6 weeks for some type of recognition. This helps to keep their interest in the program. We use ½ rank striped belts, stars, patches, etc. The highest rank their children in this age group will receive is green belt. Once they achieve a green belt or turn 8, they get to go into what they refer to as the “big kids class”. The basic goals for children this young differ greatly than for the older kids. For instance, when doing form with a 4 year old, my goal is to get them to do some semblance of the move in the right direction. Even in the “big kid” class, I’m more flexible. I’m semi-lenient on kids from ages 8-12. Chances are, they are going to be under the brown belt level. At age 13 or when testing for brown belt or above, (whichever comes first), the standards are higher. Should children understand things like the basics of a front stance, absolutely. Should their technque be exemplary? Nice idea. Yes, if you make a child wait a year between tests, their technique for their rank is going to be better, but will they be there in a year or will they get bored and quit? Kids need a lot of positive feedback. I would rather have a child test twice a year and score a 6 on a scale of 1-10 on their form as long as they have a love for training than to have a child test once a year and score a 9 on their form but only be there because mom and dad are making them. The child that scores a 6 has a better chance of staying in the art and eventually achieving that 9 in their form when they are older and more mature. As far as child black belts, I used to have a standard rule that a child had to be at least 14 to receive a black belt. That was until I met Erin. The child was amazing. She loved to train and she was very good. She picked things up very quick. She was a complete natural. She began training with me with she was 8 years old and was a 1st gup red belt, when she was 10 years old. I could not see making her wait another 4 years to get her black belt when her technique was better than many of the adult 1st dans. Could she physically defend herself against a full grown man? It depends. Using a one on one test of strength, of course not. But I think if someone tried to kidnap her, she would have the element of surprise when she started punching, kicking and yelling. They certainly wouldn’t be expecting that. Could she get away? It is quite possible. But that was not the point. Her technique was black belt level and she had a great attitude. I decided to wait 6 months after awarding her 1st gup and give her a “pre-dan” rank and then wait another 6 months and test her for a “junior” black belt. (Yes, I created the rank for her). The understanding was that she would remain a junior 1st dan until she was 14 and then be eligible to test into the adult dan ranks. She became interested in teen activities and has since left the club. But I think her ranking was fair. So far, she is the only child I have ever done this with.